Preface
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Vanadium and its compounds
2.1 Vanadium
2.2 Physical properties of vanadium
2.3 Chemical properties of vanadium
2.4 Thermodynamic properties of vanadium
2.5 Vanadium compounds
2.6 Compound salts of vanadium
2.7 Physiological effects of vanadium
2.8 Diseases from vanadium pollution
2.9 Biological effects of vanadium in humans and animals
2.10 Biological effect of vanadium on plants
Chapter 3: Vanadium mineral resources
3.1 Metallogenic characteristics of vanadium ore
3.2 Minerals of vanadium
3.3 Main vanadium minerals for vanadium extraction
3.4 Distribution of vanadium resources
Chapter 4: Extraction of vanadium from titanoferrous magnetite: mineral
processing and enrichment methods
4.1 V-bearing titanoferrous magnetite
4.2 Main mineral characteristics of V-bearing titanoferrous magnetite
4.3 Typical mineral processing methods
4.4 V-containing titanoferrous magnetite outside of China
4.5 Main equipment
Chapter 5: Extraction of vanadium from V-bearing titanoferrous magnetite
by smelting to produce V-containing iron
5.1 Blast furnace smelting
5.2 Ironmaking by direct reduction
5.3 Main production equipment
Chapter 6: Extraction of vanadium from V-containing titanoferrous magnetite
enrichment of vanadium slag
6.1 Enrichment of vanadium slag
6.2 Production of V-containing steel slag from molten iron by steelmaking
6.3 Pretreatment of V-containing molten iron for slag blowing
6.4 Enriched vanadium slag from V-containing molten iron
by sodium treatment and oxidation
6.5 Comparison of various vanadium extraction methods
6.6 Main equipment
Chapter 7: Extraction of vanadium from V-containing titanoferrous magnetite
extraction of V2Os from vanadium slag
7.1 Sodium salt roasting
7.2 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from vanadium slag by calcium salt roasting
7.3 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from Na-treated vanadium slag
7.4 Extracting vanadiu m fro m V-containing steel slag by acid leaching
7.5 Extracting V2Os from vanadium slag by sulfide addition
7.6 Main raw materials
7.7 Main vanadium extraction equipment
Chapter 8: Extracting vanadium from shale
8.1 V-bearing carbon shale
8.2 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from stone coal
8.3 Comparison of vanadium extraction processes from stone coal
Chapter 9: Extracting vanadium pentoxide from minerals and composite
materials containing vanadium
9.1 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from V-bearing titanoferrous magnetite
9.2 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from V-containing oil residue
9.3 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from carnotite
9.4 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from alumina-rich slag
9.5 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from vanadinite
9.6 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from uranium molybdenum vanadium ore
9.7 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from kakoxene
9.8 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from V-bearing limonite
9.9 Extracting vanadiu m pentoxide fro m oil refining slag
9.10 Extracting vanadium pentoxide from bauxite
9.11 Vanadium extraction from spent catalysts
9.12 Vanadium extraction from fly ash
Chapter 10: Ferrovanadium
10.1 Electro-silicon thermal process
10.2 Aluminum thermal method
10.3 Direct alloying of vanadium slag to produce ferrovanadium
10.4 Ferrosilicon-vanadium alloy
Chapter 11: Applications of vanadium in the steel industry
11.1 Classification of steel
11.2 Main elements in steel and their effects
11.3 Role of vanadium in steel
11.4 Applications of vanadium in steel
11.5 Vanadium in cast iron
Chapter 12: Vanadium metal
12.1 Metallic vanadium
12.2 Vanadium refining
12.3 Application of vanadium metal
Chapter 13: Characteristics and technical quality standards of main
vanadium products
13.1 Vanadium slag
13.2 Vanadium trioxide
13.3 Vanadium pentoxide
13.4 Vanadium pentoxide standard
13.5 Ammonium vanadate