Answer analysis
1 D
A relative pronoun introduces a relative clause which gives more information about the noun before it. Here, ‘who’ tells us more about ‘the man’. Other common relative pronouns include which, and that.
2 B
A possessive pronoun replaces a noun and shows possession:‘theirs’ means their car (the car belonging to them).
3 A
Reflexive pronouns are used when the object of the verb is the same as the subject. Here, ‘the young girl’ and ‘herself’ refer to the same person.
4 G
‘Those’ is a demonstrative pronoun. It takes the place of a noun phrase, forexample it could mean those shoes or those bags (over there).
5 C
‘We’ is a subject pronoun (a pronoun used as the subject of the sentence).
6 E
‘him’ is an object pronoun (a pronoun used as the object of the sentence).
7 D
‘in spite of’ is used to show contrast. In this sentence, it shows the difference between what the children did (they ‘played outside’) and what we would normally expect (it was raining so we would expect them to stay inside).
8 C
We use ‘a(chǎn)s’ or ‘just as’ for comparison ?C to say that things are the same or similar. Inthis sentence the reading habits of ‘she’ and ‘her sister’ are the same.
9 D
‘Although’ shows contrast or the difference between two things. We would expect Lucy to catch up because she ran fast but she didn’t catch up.
10 B
The second clause shows that being late was the effect of (or result of) the action in the first clause (missing the bus).
11 A
In this sentence, ‘since’ is used as a conjunction to show the reason for something.
12 A
‘As’ is also used as a conjunction to show the reason for something. It could be replaced by since or because.
13 D
‘Whereas’ is a conjunction of contrast meaning although or while. Here it contrasts how ‘she’ and ‘the others’ were feeling.
Answer ‘C’ is incorrect. A comparison would be She was calmer than the others or The others were not as calm as she was.