本書介紹地球物理和地震學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)近年發(fā)展的數(shù)據(jù)同化、構(gòu)造成像和數(shù)字模擬的新方法、新技術(shù)以及應(yīng)用實例。全書共七章，由國內(nèi)外著名大學(xué)和研究所從事地震前沿研究工作的人員撰寫而成。內(nèi)容涵蓋：
數(shù)據(jù)同化概念在地震學(xué)中的拓展和應(yīng)用，全波形三維構(gòu)造成像(full waveformtomography)，介質(zhì)全物理屬性和震源機制反演方法；
非均勻介質(zhì)中衍射波和散射波單返程傳播算子(one—returnpropagator)方法，適用于復(fù)雜構(gòu)造成像；斷裂帶圈閉波(fault—zone trapped wave)或稱導(dǎo)波(guidedwaves)方法，高精度確定斷裂帶巖石共震破裂程度和空間尺度以及震后愈合的時間關(guān)系；
強震動態(tài)斷裂過程和震源特性模擬合成的有限元方法平行計算技術(shù)(hybrid MPI／OpenMPapproach，sophisticated finite-element method algorithmEQdyna)，評估地下構(gòu)造和地面結(jié)構(gòu)抗震的非線性響應(yīng)和破壞程度；
震區(qū)內(nèi)應(yīng)力加載和減載的觀察，物理原理和加載一減載響應(yīng)比測定方法(10ad—unIoadresponse ratio)，推算巖石破碎程度和判別臨震狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用于地震預(yù)報；
離散單元計算方法(discrete elementmethod)，模擬發(fā)震斷裂帶的力學(xué)機制和巖石動態(tài)破裂，提供應(yīng)力加載一減載響應(yīng)比測定方法的力學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。
作者分別在各自章節(jié)中對上述新方法作了詳盡闡述和公式推演，并給出應(yīng)用實例。本書可作為高等院校和科研院所地球物理學(xué)、地震學(xué)研究生教學(xué)參考書，也可供地震領(lǐng)域的研究人員借鑒。
Imaging, Modeling and Assimilation in Seismology:AnOverview
References
Chapter 1 Full-Wave Seismic Data Assimilation: A UnifiedMethodology for Seismic Waveform Inversion
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Generalized Inverse
1.2.1 Prior Probability Densities
1.2.2 Bayes' Theorem
1.2.3 Euler-Lagrange Equations
1.3 Data Functionals
1.3.1 Differential Waveforms
1.3.2 Cross-correlation Measurements
1.3.3 Generalized Seismological Data Functionals(GSDF)
1.4 The Adjoint Method
1.4.1 An Example of Adjoint Travel-Time Tomography
1.4.2 Review of Some Recent Adjoint WaveformTomography
Imaging, Modeling and Assimilation in Seismology:AnOverview
References
Chapter 1 Full-Wave Seismic Data Assimilation: A UnifiedMethodology for Seismic Waveform Inversion
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Generalized Inverse
1.2.1 Prior Probability Densities
1.2.2 Bayes' Theorem
1.2.3 Euler-Lagrange Equations
1.3 Data Functionals
1.3.1 Differential Waveforms
1.3.2 Cross-correlation Measurements
1.3.3 Generalized Seismological Data Functionals(GSDF)
1.4 The Adjoint Method
1.4.1 An Example of Adjoint Travel-Time Tomography
1.4.2 Review of Some Recent Adjoint WaveformTomography
1.5 The Scattering-Integral (SI) Method
1.5.1 Full-Wave Tomography Based on SI
1.5.2 Earthquake Source Parameter Inversion Based onSI
1.6 Discussion
1.6.1 Computational Challenges
1.6.2 Nonlinearity
1.7 Summary
References
Chapter 2 One-Return Propagators and the Applications inModeling and Imaging
Chapter 3 Fault-Zone Trapped Waves: High-ResolutionCharacterization of the Damage Zone of the Parkfield San AndreasFault at Depth
Chapter 4 Fault-Zone 1Yapped Waves at a Dip Fault:Documentation of Rock Damage on the Thrusting Longmen-Shan FaultRuptured in the 2008 M8 Wenchuan Earthquake
Chapter 5 Ground-Motion Simulations with Dynamic SourceCharacterization and Parallel Computing
Chapter 6 Load-Unload Response Ratio and Its NewProgress
Chapter 7 Discrete Element Method and Its Applications inEarthquake and Rock Fracture Modeling
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