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大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育與實(shí)踐 讀者對(duì)象:本書可作為職業(yè)院校和應(yīng)用型本科院校的公共基礎(chǔ)課教材。
本書是編寫團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)多年從事創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育經(jīng)驗(yàn)的總結(jié),共十一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,主要內(nèi)容包括創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)概述、創(chuàng)新意識(shí)與創(chuàng)新思維、創(chuàng)新方法與創(chuàng)新能力、創(chuàng)新成果的保護(hù)與轉(zhuǎn)化、創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)與創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、創(chuàng)業(yè)者與創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)、商業(yè)模式、創(chuàng)業(yè)資源與創(chuàng)業(yè)融資、創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃與項(xiàng)目路演、創(chuàng)辦企業(yè)、企業(yè)管理。本書知識(shí)全面、內(nèi)容豐富、案例新穎,有利于激發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維,提升創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。本書既可作為高等院校創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)課程的教材,也可作為有志于從事創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)的人士了解、學(xué)習(xí)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)知識(shí)的參考用書。
王宏,女,1988年生人,畢業(yè)于福建師范大學(xué)政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè),研究生學(xué)歷,現(xiàn)任教于閩江師范高等?茖W(xué)校,擔(dān)任創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教研室主任,承擔(dān)多項(xiàng)省部級(jí)課題,作為課程負(fù)責(zé)人主持《大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)競(jìng)賽指導(dǎo)》課程獲批福建省線上線下精品混合式課程,2021年作為團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)人獲得福建省職業(yè)院校教師教學(xué)能力大賽高職公共課程組一等獎(jiǎng)。
目 錄
項(xiàng)目 1 創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)概述....................................................................................................................1 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...............................................................................................................................1 開篇案例...............................................................................................................................2 任務(wù) 1.1 認(rèn)知?jiǎng)?chuàng)新.............................................................................................................4 1.1.1 創(chuàng)新的概念...................................................................................................4 1.1.2 創(chuàng)新的類型...................................................................................................5 任務(wù) 1.2 認(rèn)知?jiǎng)?chuàng)業(yè).............................................................................................................7 1.2.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)的概念...................................................................................................7 1.2.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)的要素與步驟.......................................................................................8 1.2.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)精神與人生發(fā)展................................................................................. 11 任務(wù) 1.3 了解創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)政策...........................................................................................15 1.3.1 普通高校學(xué)生自主創(chuàng)業(yè)政策.....................................................................15 1.3.2 各地市創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)政策.................................................................................17 拓展閱讀.............................................................................................................................18 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn).............................................................................................................................19 項(xiàng)目 2 創(chuàng)新意識(shí)與創(chuàng)新思維..................................................................................................... 22 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué).............................................................................................................................22 開篇案例.............................................................................................................................23 任務(wù) 2.1 培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新意識(shí)...................................................................................................24 2.1.1 創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的內(nèi)涵.........................................................................................24 2.1.2 創(chuàng)新精神的表現(xiàn).........................................................................................24 2.1.3 大學(xué)生培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的途徑.....................................................................25 任務(wù) 2.2 培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新思維...................................................................................................27 2.2.1 創(chuàng)新思維的內(nèi)涵.........................................................................................27 2.2.2 思維定式的表現(xiàn).........................................................................................28 2.2.3 常見的創(chuàng)新思維.........................................................................................30 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn).............................................................................................................................37 V 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)指導(dǎo)與實(shí)踐 項(xiàng)目 3 創(chuàng)新方法與創(chuàng)新能力..................................................................................................... 39 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué).............................................................................................................................39 開篇案例.............................................................................................................................40 任務(wù) 3.1 巧用創(chuàng)新方法...................................................................................................41 3.1.1 頭腦風(fēng)暴法.................................................................................................41 3.1.2 奧斯本檢核表法.........................................................................................43 3.1.3 “5W1H”分析法...........................................................................................44 3.1.4 九屏幕法.....................................................................................................45 3.1.5 金魚法.........................................................................................................46 任務(wù) 3.2 提升創(chuàng)新能力...................................................................................................47 3.2.1 創(chuàng)新能力的內(nèi)涵.........................................................................................47 3.2.2 創(chuàng)新能力開發(fā)的理論依據(jù).........................................................................47 3.2.3 大學(xué)生提升創(chuàng)新能力應(yīng)遵循的原理.........................................................48 3.2.4 大學(xué)生提升創(chuàng)新能力的途徑.....................................................................49 任務(wù) 3.3 運(yùn)用設(shè)計(jì)思維開發(fā)產(chǎn)品...................................................................................50 3.3.1 設(shè)計(jì)思維概述.............................................................................................50 3.3.2 運(yùn)用設(shè)計(jì)思維開發(fā)產(chǎn)品的 5 個(gè)步驟.........................................................50 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn).............................................................................................................................51 項(xiàng)目 4 創(chuàng)新成果的保護(hù)與轉(zhuǎn)化................................................................................................. 53 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué).............................................................................................................................53 開篇案例.............................................................................................................................54 任務(wù) 4.1 創(chuàng)新成果概述...................................................................................................55 4.1.1 創(chuàng)新成果的概念.........................................................................................55 4.1.2 創(chuàng)新成果的特征.........................................................................................56 4.1.3 創(chuàng)新成果的分類.........................................................................................56 任務(wù) 4.2 創(chuàng)新成果的保護(hù)...............................................................................................58 4.2.1 著作權(quán).........................................................................................................59 4.2.2 專利權(quán).........................................................................................................63 4.2.3 商標(biāo)權(quán).........................................................................................................67 任務(wù) 4.3 創(chuàng)新成果的轉(zhuǎn)化...............................................................................................72 4.3.1 創(chuàng)新成果轉(zhuǎn)化的內(nèi)涵.................................................................................72 4.3.2 創(chuàng)新成果轉(zhuǎn)化的方式.................................................................................73 拓展閱讀.............................................................................................................................75 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn).............................................................................................................................77 項(xiàng)目 5 創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)與創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)..................................................................................................... 81 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué).............................................................................................................................81 開篇案例.............................................................................................................................82 VI 目 錄 任務(wù) 5.1 識(shí)別創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)...................................................................................................84 5.1.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)概述.............................................................................................84 5.1.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的識(shí)別.........................................................................................87 任務(wù) 5.2 評(píng)價(jià)創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)...................................................................................................91 5.2.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的主觀評(píng)價(jià).................................................................................91 5.2.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的客觀評(píng)價(jià).................................................................................92 任務(wù) 5.3 防范創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)...................................................................................................98 5.3.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的概念.........................................................................................98 5.3.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的分類.......................................................................................100 5.3.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的管理.......................................................................................103 任務(wù) 5.4 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目的選擇.................................................................................109 5.4.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目的概念.......................................................................................109 5.4.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目的來源.......................................................................................109 5.4.3 大學(xué)生選擇創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目的建議...................................................................110 拓展閱讀........................................................................................................................... 111 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)........................................................................................................................... 113 項(xiàng)目 6 創(chuàng)業(yè)者與創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)....................................................................................................... 115 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................115 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................116 任務(wù) 6.1 評(píng)估創(chuàng)業(yè)素質(zhì).................................................................................................119 6.1.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)者的概念........................................................................................... 119 6.1.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)者的素質(zhì)...........................................................................................119 任務(wù) 6.2 組建創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì).................................................................................................128 6.2.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)概述...........................................................................................129 6.2.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的組建原則...............................................................................131 6.2.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的組建流程...............................................................................133 任務(wù) 6.3 管理創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì).................................................................................................136 6.3.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)管理概述...................................................................................136 6.3.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)管理的方法...............................................................................138 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................139 項(xiàng)目 7 商業(yè)模式....................................................................................................................... 143 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................143 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................144 任務(wù) 7.1 理解商業(yè)模式.................................................................................................145 7.1.1 商業(yè)模式的概念.......................................................................................145 7.1.2 商業(yè)模式的特征.......................................................................................147 7.1.3 商業(yè)模式的類型.......................................................................................148 VII 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)指導(dǎo)與實(shí)踐 任務(wù) 7.2 設(shè)計(jì)商業(yè)模式.................................................................................................153 7.2.1 商業(yè)模式畫布...........................................................................................154 7.2.2 商業(yè)模式創(chuàng)新...........................................................................................159 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................163 項(xiàng)目 8 創(chuàng)業(yè)資源與創(chuàng)業(yè)融資................................................................................................... 166 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................166 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................167 任務(wù) 8.1 獲取創(chuàng)業(yè)資源.................................................................................................168 8.1.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)資源概述...........................................................................................168 8.1.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)資源的獲取.......................................................................................171 任務(wù) 8.2 整合創(chuàng)業(yè)資源.................................................................................................174 8.2.1 資源整合的內(nèi)涵.......................................................................................174 8.2.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)資源整合的過程...............................................................................175 8.2.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)資源整合的途徑...............................................................................176 8.3 開啟創(chuàng)業(yè)融資..........................................................................................................177 8.3.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的概念.......................................................................................177 8.3.2 創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的過程.......................................................................................177 8.3.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的方式.......................................................................................180 8.3.4 創(chuàng)業(yè)融資的渠道.......................................................................................182 8.3.5 創(chuàng)業(yè)啟動(dòng)資金的測(cè)算...............................................................................187 拓展閱讀...........................................................................................................................190 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................192 項(xiàng)目 9 創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃與項(xiàng)目路演................................................................................................... 194 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................194 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................195 任務(wù) 9.1 撰寫創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書.............................................................................................196 9.1.1 創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書概述.......................................................................................196 9.1.2 撰寫創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書的前期準(zhǔn)備...................................................................198 9.1.3 創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書的基本結(jié)構(gòu)...........................................................................200 9.1.4 創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書的主體內(nèi)容...........................................................................201 9.1.5 創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書的撰寫步驟...........................................................................205 任務(wù) 9.2 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)大賽.....................................................................................208 9.2.1 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)大賽概述.......................................................................208 9.2.2 中國(guó)國(guó)際“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)大賽 .............................................212 任務(wù) 9.3 設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目路演.................................................................................................218 9.3.1 項(xiàng)目路演概述...........................................................................................218 9.3.2 項(xiàng)目路演的核心內(nèi)容...............................................................................219 9.3.3 項(xiàng)目路演 PPT 制作要點(diǎn)..........................................................................222 VIII 目 錄 IX 拓展閱讀...........................................................................................................................224 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................225 項(xiàng)目 10 創(chuàng)辦企業(yè)..................................................................................................................... 229 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................229 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................230 任務(wù) 10.1 與企業(yè)相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)...............................................................................230 10.1.1 企業(yè)組織形式的選擇.............................................................................230 10.1.2 企業(yè)應(yīng)遵守的相關(guān)法律.........................................................................234 10.1.3 企業(yè)注冊(cè)登記流程.................................................................................238 任務(wù) 10.2 設(shè)計(jì)企業(yè)選址方案.......................................................................................242 10.2.1 企業(yè)選址的影響因素.............................................................................243 10.2.2 企業(yè)選址的策略與技巧.........................................................................245 拓展閱讀...........................................................................................................................245 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................247 項(xiàng)目 11 企業(yè)管理..................................................................................................................... 248 項(xiàng)目導(dǎo)學(xué)...........................................................................................................................248 開篇案例...........................................................................................................................249 任務(wù) 11.1 企業(yè)人力資源管理.......................................................................................250 11.1.1 人力資源管理概述.................................................................................250 11.1.2 企業(yè)組織架構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì).............................................................................254 11.1.3 企業(yè)人力資源管理策略.........................................................................255 任務(wù) 11.2 企業(yè)營(yíng)銷管理...............................................................................................259 11.2.1 營(yíng)銷管理概述.........................................................................................260 11.2.2 企業(yè)市場(chǎng)定位.........................................................................................261 11.2.3 企業(yè)市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷策略.................................................................................262 任務(wù) 11.3 企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理...............................................................................................266 11.3.1 財(cái)務(wù)管理概述.........................................................................................266 11.3.2 企業(yè)賬目管理.........................................................................................266 11.3.3 企業(yè)的財(cái)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與防范措施.................................................................267 11.3.4 中小企業(yè)上市途徑.................................................................................269 項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn)...........................................................................................................................270
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