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《海草床公眾監(jiān)測野外實(shí)用指南》由海南省海洋與漁業(yè)科學(xué)院和德國萊布尼茨熱帶海洋研究中心等單位或組織的海草研究學(xué)者編寫。海草是一種非常獨(dú)特的生活在近海區(qū)域的被子植物，常在沿海潮下帶形成廣大的海草床，對海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境發(fā)揮著極其重要的作用，更維系著人類的生存。但近年來，由于人類對近海海域頻繁的干擾活動(dòng)，海草棲息地環(huán)境不斷地惡化，種類和分布面積也在不斷地減少，保護(hù)海草資源迫在眉睫。隨著海草保護(hù)意識的提升，一些政府、科研部門和民間組織開始對海草投入更多的研究和保護(hù)行動(dòng)，并利用公眾科學(xué)的方式讓公眾參與到海草床的生態(tài)監(jiān)測中來，因此，需要建立和完善適合公眾參與的海草床監(jiān)測方法。編寫組根據(jù)多年的海草調(diào)查與研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合近年來在海南島開展公眾監(jiān)測的實(shí)踐，并借鑒國際上比較成熟的方法，編寫了面向公眾的海草床監(jiān)測指南。

本指南中對海草進(jìn)行了科普介紹，給出了海草鑒別方法，介紹了海草床生態(tài)監(jiān)測的流程、所需材料和設(shè)備、監(jiān)測與記錄方法以及注意事項(xiàng)。本書可以為社會公眾提供一份開展海草床監(jiān)測的實(shí)用寶典，有助于推動(dòng)公眾了解海草、關(guān)注海洋保護(hù)，并參與到保護(hù)行動(dòng)中來。

第一章海草小科普 ································································ 1

海草是什么？ ················································································· 2

海草長啥樣？ ················································································· 3

海草如何繁殖？ ·············································································· 4

海草非常重要，為什么？ ·································································· 6

第二章海草去哪兒了？························································· 9

世界主要海草分布區(qū)域 ···································································· 10

中國海草分布及常見種類 ································································· 11

海南的海草分布及現(xiàn)狀 ···································································· 14

海草床的消失及原因 ······································································· 16

第三章海草鑒別速成寶典 ···················································· 19

看葉片識海草 ················································································ 20

看莖識海草 ··················································································· 24

第四章海草床生態(tài)監(jiān)測指南 ················································ 27

海草床生態(tài)監(jiān)測流程 ······································································· 30

海草床監(jiān)測注意事項(xiàng) ······································································· 39

第五章公眾保護(hù)行動(dòng) ··························································· 41

成為海草床監(jiān)測志愿者 ···································································· 42

其他公眾保護(hù)行動(dòng) ·········································································· 43

附錄表格1：海草床監(jiān)測表格 ···························································· 44

附錄表格2：大型底棲生物采集記錄表 ················································ 45

附錄圖鑒1：常見海草種類及海草床生境圖片 ······································· 48

附錄圖鑒2：海草蓋度對比卡 ···························································· 53

附錄圖鑒3：海草床中常見魚類及其他類生物 ······································· 54

附錄圖鑒4：常見大型藻類 ······························································· 57

附錄圖鑒5：常見大型底棲動(dòng)物 ························································· 60

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海草床公眾監(jiān)測野外實(shí)用指南

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