第1 章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)···········································································.001
1.1 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀··········································································.001
1.1.1 美國(guó)·················································································.001
1.1.2 歐盟·················································································.002
1.1.3 日本·················································································.002
1.1.4 韓國(guó)·················································································.003
1.1.5 中國(guó)·················································································.003
1.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系架構(gòu)··········································································.004
1.2.1 感知層·············································································.005
1.2.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層·············································································.005
1.2.3 應(yīng)用層·············································································.006
1.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息的三大特性·······························································.007
1.3.1 高敏感性··········································································.007
1.3.2 高可靠性··········································································.007
1.3.3 高關(guān)聯(lián)性··········································································.007
1.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)體系架構(gòu)的發(fā)展·······························································.008
1.5 小結(jié)·······························································································011
第2 章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全架構(gòu)··········································································.012
2.1 引言·····························································································.012
2.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)典型安全事件···································································.012
2.2.1 事件回顧··········································································.012
2.2.2 事件分析··········································································.016
2.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全問題分類···································································.017
2.3.1 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)引入的安全問題···················································.017
2.3.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)場(chǎng)景下的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)“安全”問題····························.017
2.3.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)引入的安全問題···················································.017
2.3.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)自身的安全問題···················································.018
2.4 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全威脅分析···································································.018
2.4.1 感知層安全威脅······························································.019
2.4.2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層安全威脅······························································.020
2.4.3 應(yīng)用層安全威脅······························································.022
2.5 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全需求分析···································································.023
2.5.1 縱橫聯(lián)動(dòng)的一體化安全保障支撐····································.024
2.5.2 感知層傳感器設(shè)備的身份鑒別與數(shù)據(jù)防護(hù)····················.026
2.5.3 網(wǎng)絡(luò)層異構(gòu)網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模化安全互聯(lián)與全網(wǎng)統(tǒng)一監(jiān)管·········.027
2.5.4 應(yīng)用層數(shù)據(jù)多域安全共享···············································.028
2.6 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全體系框架···································································.029
2.6.1 技術(shù)體系··········································································.029
2.6.2 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的安全信息流···············································.036
2.7 小結(jié)·····························································································.037
第3 章 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全認(rèn)證技術(shù)···································································.039
3.1 引言·····························································································.039
3.2 身份認(rèn)證方式··············································································.040
3.2.1 基于秘密信息的認(rèn)證方式···············································.040
3.2.2 基于信物的認(rèn)證方式·······················································.041
3.2.3 基于密鑰的認(rèn)證方式·······················································.041
3.2.4 基于生物特征的認(rèn)證方式···············································.042
3.3 物聯(lián)網(wǎng)身份認(rèn)證的特點(diǎn)·······························································.043
3.3.1 輕量級(jí)·············································································.043
3.3.2 非對(duì)稱·············································································.043
3.3.3 復(fù)雜性·············································································.043
3.4 幾種物聯(lián)網(wǎng)身份認(rèn)證方式···························································.044
3.4.1 基于RFID 的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)身份認(rèn)證方式·································.044
3.4.2 基于傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)認(rèn)證方式····································.044
3.4.3 基于藍(lán)牙的感知網(wǎng)絡(luò)認(rèn)證方式·······································.045
3.4.4 基于生物特征識(shí)別的認(rèn)證方式·······································.045
3.5 基于生物特征的物聯(lián)網(wǎng)身份認(rèn)證方法········································.047
3.5.1 生物特征身份認(rèn)證流程···················································.047
3.5.2 指紋識(shí)別··········································································.049
3.5.3 人臉識(shí)別··········································································.049
3.5.4 虹膜識(shí)別··········································································.051
3.5.5 指靜脈識(shí)別······································································.051
3.5.6 聲紋識(shí)別··········································································.052
3.6 基于深度學(xué)習(xí)的聲紋識(shí)別技術(shù)····················································.053
3.6.1 概述·················································································.053
3.6.2 聲紋識(shí)別的工作原理·······················································.054
3.6.3 聲紋識(shí)別的流程······························································.055
3.6.4 聲紋識(shí)別技術(shù)的三次突破···············································.059
3.6.5 基于深度學(xué)習(xí)的典型聲紋識(shí)別算法································.060
3.6.6 聲紋識(shí)別應(yīng)用趨勢(shì)··························································.063
3.7 小結(jié)·····························································································.066
本章參考文獻(xiàn)······················································································.066
第4 章 卷積神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)······································································.068
4.1 卷積運(yùn)算······················································································.069
4.2 動(dòng)機(jī)·····························································································.072
4.3 池化·····························································································.077
4.4 將卷積與池化作為一個(gè)無限強(qiáng)的先驗(yàn)········································.082
4.5 基本卷積函數(shù)的變體···································································.083
4.6 結(jié)構(gòu)化輸出··················································································.093
4.7 數(shù)據(jù)類型······················································································.094
4.8 高效的卷積算法··········································································.095
4.9 隨機(jī)或無監(jiān)督的特征···································································.096
4.10 小結(jié)···························································································.097
本章參考文獻(xiàn)······················································································.098
第5 章 序列建模：循環(huán)和遞歸網(wǎng)絡(luò)·······················································.101
5.1 展開計(jì)算圖··················································································.102
5.2 RNN·····························································································.105
5.2.1 Teacher Forcing 和輸出循環(huán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)····································.109
5.2.2 計(jì)算RNN 的梯度······························································111
5.2.3 作為有向圖模型的循環(huán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)·············································113
5.2.4 基于上下文的RNN 序列建�！ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ�117
5.3 雙向RNN ······················································································119
5.4 基于編碼-解碼的序列到序列架構(gòu)···············································.121
5.5 深度RNN ····················································································.123
5.6 遞歸神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)··············································································.124
5.7 長(zhǎng)期依賴的挑戰(zhàn)··········································································.126
5.8 回聲狀態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)··············································································.128
5.9 滲漏單元和其他多時(shí)間尺度的策略············································.130
5.9.1 時(shí)間維度的跳躍連接·······················································.130
5.9.2 滲漏單元和一系列時(shí)間尺度···········································.131
5.9.3 刪除連接··········································································.131
5.10 長(zhǎng)短期記憶和其他門控RNN ····················································.132
5.10.1 長(zhǎng)短期記憶····································································.133
5.10.2 其他門控RNN·······························································.135
5.11 優(yōu)化長(zhǎng)期依賴············································································.136
5.11.1 截?cái)嗵荻取ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?136
5.11.2 引導(dǎo)信息流的正則化·····················································.138
5.12 外顯記憶····················································································.139
5.13 小結(jié)···························································································.142
本章參考文獻(xiàn)······················································································.142
第6 章 深度學(xué)習(xí)框架和平臺(tái)的分析與對(duì)比············································.148
6.1 概述·····························································································.148
6.2 深度學(xué)習(xí)框架··············································································.151
6.2.1 TensorFlow·······································································.152
6.2.2 Caffe ················································································.156
6.2.3 PyTorch ············································································.162
6.2.4 CNTK···············································································.164
6.2.5 MXNet ·············································································.166
6.3 深度學(xué)習(xí)框架的分析與對(duì)比·······················································.169
6.3.1 總體分析··········································································.169
6.3.2 深度學(xué)習(xí)框架的對(duì)比·······················································.170
6.3.3 深度學(xué)習(xí)框架對(duì)硬件的利用情況····································.178
6.4 深度學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái)··············································································.180
6.4.1 華為深度學(xué)習(xí)服務(wù)DLS ··················································.180
6.4.2 阿里深度學(xué)習(xí)開發(fā)平臺(tái)X-DeepLearning ························.184
6.4.3 百度深度學(xué)習(xí)開發(fā)平臺(tái)PAddle·······································.189
6.4.4 幾種平臺(tái)的對(duì)比······························································.191
6.5 小結(jié)·····························································································.192