《全國高職高專院校規(guī)劃教材·商務(wù)英語專業(yè):商務(wù)英語綜合教程(上冊)(第2版)》維持了原教材的基本體例。改變集中在對主課文的“一增一減”。增加了當(dāng)今經(jīng)濟(jì)社會正在發(fā)生且不斷變化的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易及商務(wù)活動最新動態(tài)的文章及相關(guān)專業(yè)術(shù)語、背景知識和詳細(xì)的參考資料的詳解;刪減了一些內(nèi)容過時的文章及較為難懂的說明和語句。
《全國高職高專院校規(guī)劃教材·商務(wù)英語專業(yè):商務(wù)英語綜合教程(上冊)(第2版)》主要是針對商務(wù)英語教學(xué),強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在與時俱進(jìn)的商務(wù)活動中特殊語言交際方式和特殊商務(wù)語言形式的運(yùn)用,使學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)語言的同時,掌握必要的且具有時效性的商務(wù)知識及技能。
《全國高職高專院校規(guī)劃教材·商務(wù)英語專業(yè):商務(wù)英語綜合教程(上冊)(第2版)》的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是以高職高專商務(wù)英語人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)為依據(jù),突出教學(xué)內(nèi)容的實(shí)用性、時效性和針對性,將語言基礎(chǔ)及商務(wù)交際能力有機(jī)結(jié)合起來,以滿足21世紀(jì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展全球化的要求。
Unit 1 Work in Unity for the Future
EXERCISES
Unit 2 World Economic Outlook Update (Ⅰ)
EXERCISES
Unit 3 World Economic Outlook Update (Ⅱ)
EXERCISES
Unit 4 Multinational Corporations
EXERCISES
Unit 5 Recent Economic Developments
EXERCISES
Unit 6 Imports and Exports
EXERCISES
Unit 7 Economic Prospects
EXERCISES
Unit 8 The Costs of Economic Growth
EXERCISES
Unit 9 Climate Change-Hot under the Collar
EXERCISES
Unit 10 Advertising: It's Everywhere
EXERCISES
Unit 11 Intellectual Property Rights & International Consumers' Day
EXERCISES
Unit 12 Deepen Exchanges and Cooperation for Inclusive Growth
EXERCISES
Unit 13 Quality of Service at McDonald's
EXERCISES
Unit 14 Strengthen Confidence in Cooperation and Revive the World Economy
EXERCISES
Unit 15 What Kind of Negotiations Are You Preparing For?
EXERCISES
Unit 16 Welcome to the Wired World
EXERCISES
Formal Definitions
4 A multinational enterprise shall be defined as a business organization which owns (whether wholly or partly), controls and manages assets, often including productive resources, in more than one country, through its member companies incorporated separately in each of these countries. Each member company is known as a multinational corporation. Each MNC is purported to represent certain interests (or to fulfill certain goals) of the multinational enterprise and is linked to one another within the organizational framework of the same multinational enterprise. If the MNC is the original investing corporation, it is known as the parent MNC, which is normally also the international headquarters of the MNE. If the MNC is established as a result of investments by the MNE, whether through the parent MNC or through another of its already established MNC, it is an affiliate MNC. An MNE may also have various regional or operational headquarters, in addition to an international headquarters. Characteristics of MNEs
5 Firstly, MNEs are generally enormous in size. As early as 1973 the United Nations report on "Multinational Corporations in World Development" noted that: "the amount of annual sales runs into hundreds of millions of dollars",
6 There is little doubt that the size of an MNE does indicate the amount of resources it controls even though the amount of resources located in particular countries may be small.
7 Wide geographical spread is also characteristic of MNEs. Such geographical spread of MNEs enables them to have a wide range of options in terms of decisions in areas such as sourcing and pricing. They are also more able to take advantage of changes in the international economic environment. Such multinationality also enables MNEs to engage in worldwide integrated production and marketing giving rise to extensive intra-MNE transactions which constitute a very significant proportion of total international trade.
8 Another general characteristic of large MNEs is their longevity and rapid growth. Some MNEs have a history of many years and their double digit growth rate for revenue adjusted for inflation is higher than that of the GNP of most countries.
Needs, Goals and Behavior of MNEs
9 The behavior of MNEs is very much determined by their needs. These needs are often identified as goals. The purpose of organization is to facilitate the MNEs' operations and the purpose of its operations is to achieve its organizational goals.
10 Like most business organizations, MNEs are formed for profit. There is little doubt that the profit goal represents the basic need of the MNEs' shareholders. It is also the need of all groups interested in the continued survival of the MNE. Yet this interest in the continued survival of the MNE expressed a second basic need-need of security.
11 The importance of security to any MNE cannot be doubted. Profit is useless if it cannot be secured by the MNE and transferred wherever it so desires. Its assets and investment must be secured. A favorable business environment must also be secured. Without security, an MNE's survival can never be assured. It is no wonder that MNEs have embarked on policies to grow into gigantic sizes, to control resources, and production and manufacturing processes in many countries, and even to intervene in the affairs of government in both the home and host countries, in order to ensure the security of its profits, assets, organizations and operations.
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