《都市 漫游 成長:E·L·多克托羅小說中的“小小都市漫游者”研究(英文版)》以美國后現(xiàn)代作家E.L_多克托羅的三部小說——《但以理書》《世界博覽會》和《比利·巴思蓋特》中的“小男孩敘述者”為研究對象,分析他們在都市空間的“漫游”,證明多克托羅的都市書寫反撥了美國文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)中將城市視為“瀆神之地”的傾向,從而創(chuàng)造了一種積極卻不失批判性的都市美學(xué)。《都市 漫游 成長:E·L·多克托羅小說中的“小小都市漫游者”研究(英文版)》讀者對象主要為外國文學(xué)、比較文學(xué)專業(yè)的師生,對都市研究,特別是紐約研究的相關(guān)人員具有借鑒意義,對猶太研究學(xué)者也有一定的參考價值。
袁源,文學(xué)博士,江蘇南通人,上海理工大學(xué)外語學(xué)院講師,國際敘事學(xué)研究協(xié)會會員。曾在《英美文學(xué)研禿論叢》《外國語文》《中南大學(xué)學(xué)報》(社會科學(xué)版)等cssc期刊表論文多篇,主持并完成上海市優(yōu)秀青年教師科研專項基金等。主要研究領(lǐng)域:英美文學(xué)。
Introduction
1.Doctorow and His Boy-narrators in New York
2.Dialogism Between Critics and Doctorow
3.“Little Wanderer”and the City
4.Literature Review
Chapter One Wandering as Perceptive Psychic Alien in The Book of Daniel
1.1 Childhood Trauma and Psychic’Alien
1.1.1 Alienation Perceived.Inherited and Forced
1.1.2 Survivor Syndrome of the Little Wanderers
1.2 Orphan in Search of a Real“Home”
1.2.1 Perception of“Home”
1.2.2 A Wandering Soul in Search of“Home”
1.2.3 “Home”Motif and the City
1.2.4 Sublimation by Death and Orphanage
1.3 Desire for Utopia As a Cure for Trauma
1.3.1 Prototypes of the Future Dwelling Place
1.3.2 Disneyland as a Prototype of Utopia
1.3.3 Open Ending Suggesting Possibilities
Chapter Two Wandering to Be Perceptive Typical American Boy in World'S Fair
2.1 The Journey of Self Discovery
2.1.1 The“Shock”Motif
2.1.2 Accumulated Love of the City under Father'S Influence
2.1.3 Jewish American Boy as a New Yorker
2.2 The Cityscape Perceived from the Little Wanderer'S Eyes
2.2.1 Natural Environment in the City
2.2.2 Built Environment in the City
2.2.3 Human Environment in the City
2.2.4 Verbal Environment in the City
2.3 The World'S Fair as the Hope for Future Citizens
2.3.1 The World'S Fair and Its Logo:the Signifier and the
Signified
2.3.2 Edgar'S Stroll in the World'S Fair
2.3.3 The World'S Fair Perceived from Edgar'S Eyes
Chapter Three Wandering as Capable Perceptive Apprentice in Billy Bathgate
3.1 Capable Perceptive Wanderer in Pursuit of American Dream
3.2 Searching for a“Father”and Becoming a“Father”
3.2.1 Wandering in the Street in Search of Patrimony
3.2.2 Idling Resistance and Growth
3.2.3 Oedipus Showing Paternal Love in His Stroll
3.3 Billy the Little Wanderer'S Space Values
3.3.1 Cultural Map of New York
3.3.2 Identification with New York
3.3.3 The Man of the Crowd
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
Postscript
《都市 漫游 成長:E·L·多克托羅小說中的“小小都市漫游者”研究(英文版)》:
In E. L. Doctorow, Harter and Thompson combines the life and art of Doctorow and comments on his novels published before 1985, excluding all those after World's Fair. Though this study is of a book length, there seems to be no central argument, with only a critical focus on each of the novels mentioned.
John Parks' study of Doctorow continues this combination of biographic
truth and Doctorow's literary creation, but this time, with a unified theme.In his book E. L. Doctorow, Parks mainly argues that Doctorow's prose is a political challenge to the American myth and history, in which Doctorow,with polyphonic and heteroglossic narratives, shows his willingness to counter the tendency of a culture which tends to monopolize the composition of truth.
Christopher Morris, based on the study of the previous three books,proposes his idea, that is, Doctorow's works are models of misrepresentation, in the sense that Doctorow purposefully deviates from historical facts and composes a history from his own perspective. Besides,Morris, by citing de Man, Derrida, and Miller, points out that the interpretation on Doctorow's works is mostly hermeneutic, which might be s'foredoomed to failure" ( Parks 1991: 22). He admits that his own interpretation of Doctorow's works might also be a "misrepresentation" of Doctorow.
John Williams takes the title of Doctorow's essay "False Documents" as the title of his book Fiction as False Document: The Reception of E. L. Doctorow in the Postmodern Age . He concentrates on the postmodern writing techniques of Doctorow, and surveys the reception of his works in the era dominated by post-structuralism and deconstruction. Williams' central theme is: "postmodernism and the politics attached to it have created a field of study that exerts considerable influence on what gets written (not to mention what gets published)" (Williams 1996:2) .
While the previous five book length studies mainly focus on the contradiction between Doctorow's political commitment and his commitment to writing, Douglass Fowler, in Un.derstanding E. L. Doctorow, pays his due attention to Doctorow's commitment to family and to the city he lives in. In this critical as well as introductory work on Doctorow, Fowler concentrates on the autobiographical essence in Doctorow's novels, which are said by Fowler to be self-creating and patrimony-searching, with his gothic imagination of the Bronx and New York as a whole, Though Fowler's thoughts and comments are insightful, the book itself, as a series of guides or companions for students and nonacademic readers, cannot give a detailed study of each of the novels due to the limit of length, and thus leaves much space for further study.
The six book length studies of Doctorow in the 20th century started a systematic and specialized field of the study of the specific contemporary author - E. L. Doctorow. Ever since the six books were published, Doctorow studies have taken on a new look and have come to a new phase in the new millennium, with the characteristics of being varied, inter-disciplinary and comprehensive. In E. L. Doctorow's Skeptical Commitment published in 2000, at the threshold of the new millennium, Michelle Tokarczyk, synthesizing her published critical essays on Doctorow's works, the transcripts of her interview with Doctorow and some of her new thoughts,argues that Doctorow's works are allegories of his own society and city; they are autobiographical in the sense that they reveal how a New York author of Jewish tradition comes to be what he is now.
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